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Living Pretty
Find out how Singapore's coveted iconic shophouse has evolved through the years
The Straits Times - May 14, 2012
By: Amelia Teng
By: Amelia Teng
Demand for shophouses has risen in recent years. Over 5,000 are preserved by the Urban Redevelopment Authority. Last year, 292 were sold for $1.13 billion. The Straits Times looks at the coveted Singapore shophouse and its architectural origins.
THE SINGAPORE SHOPHOUSE
- Constructed between 1840 and 1960
- Simple buildings usually two to three storeys high, built in continuous blocks with common party walls
- In the past, business was conducted on the first floor, and the top floors were for residential use
- Originated from southern China, the two coastal provinces of Guangdong and Fujian where most of Singapore’s Chinese immigrants came from
- In 1822, Sir Stamford Raffles provided the shophouse’s basic concept. He determined that every house should be the same size and have a verandah to serve as a continuous passage on both sides of the street. This covered walkway become known as the five-foot-way
- Last year, two in three units were sold for $1.7 million to $5.5 million each, and larger ones between $10 million to $12.5 million
1. Early style (1840-1900s)

- Shophouses are low, squat and usually have two-storeys with Doric columns
- Minimal ornamentation, typically ethnic motifs like auspicious characters
- Where: Erkskine Road, North Bridge Road, Telok Ayer Street
2. First Transitional style (early 1900s)

- Less squat and each storey is taller
- Designs are simple and use of ornamentation is relatively restrained
- Where: Ann Siang Hill, Telok Ayer Street
3. Late style (1900-1940)

- Also known as ‘Singapore Eclectic’, or ‘Chinese Baroque’
- The most lavish ornamentation with more mixing of ethnic styles
- A blend of classical elements with exquisite Chinese symbolism
- Three-window arrangement left little wall space
- Bright colours used in ceramic tiles, festoons and plaques
- Where: Amoy Street, Bukit Pasoh Road, Emerald Hill, Joo Chiat
4. Second Transitional style (late 1930s)

- Much simpler designs with some decorative elements
- Late-style motifs like colourful ceramic tiles (below) are combined with Art Deco motifs like geometric balustrade designs
- Where: Amoy Street, Stanley Street, Telok Ayer Street
5. Art Deco style (1930s-1960s)

- Inspired by classical motifs first developed in Europe and the United States in the 1920s
- Characterised by streamlined, geometrical designs. One common feature is a stepped pediment topped by a flag post
- Shophouses of this style also have date plaques
- Where: Ann Siang Hill, Bukit Pasoh Road, Club Street, South Bridge Road
Modern style (1950s-1960s)

- Features thin concrete fins on their facades that double as air vents and simple decoration
- Shift towards more functional designs and modern materials like concrete
- Where: Hong Kong Street, Keong Saik Road, New Bridge Road, Teck Lim Road, Telok Ayer Street
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